docs: update linking

This commit is contained in:
Luc Bijl 2025-08-28 17:12:46 +02:00
parent c009ea53f0
commit 6350356f15
9 changed files with 19 additions and 19 deletions

View file

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# Differential manifolds # Differential manifolds
In the following sections of differential geometry we make use of the Einstein summation convention introduced in [vector analysis](/en/physics/mathematical-physics/vector-analysis/curvilinear-coordinates/) and $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{R}$ or $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{C}.$ In the following sections of differential geometry we make use of the Einstein summation convention and $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{R}$ or $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{C}$.
## Definition ## Definition

View file

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# Dual vector spaces # Dual vector spaces
We have a $n \in \mathbb{N}$ finite dimensional vector space $V$ such that $\dim V = n$, with a basis $\{\mathbf{e}_i\}_{i=1}^n.$ In the following sections we make use of the Einstein summation convention introduced in [vector analysis](/en/physics/mathematical-physics/vector-analysis/curvilinear-coordinates/) and $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{R} \lor\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{C}$. We have a $n \in \mathbb{N}$ finite dimensional vector space $V$ such that $\dim V = n$, with a basis $\{\mathbf{e}_i\}_{i=1}^n.$ In the following sections we make use of the Einstein summation convention introduced and $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{R} \lor\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{C}$.
> *Definition 1*: let $\mathbf{\hat f}: V \to \mathbb{K}$ be a **covector** or **linear functional** on $V$ if for all $\mathbf{v}_{1,2} \in V$ and $\lambda, \mu \in \mathbb{K}$ we have > *Definition 1*: let $\mathbf{\hat f}: V \to \mathbb{K}$ be a **covector** or **linear functional** on $V$ if for all $\mathbf{v}_{1,2} \in V$ and $\lambda, \mu \in \mathbb{K}$ we have
> >

View file

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Furthermore it follows from the definition that any linear combination of eigenv
A \mathbf{x} - \lambda \mathbf{x} = (A - \lambda I) \mathbf{x} = \mathbf{0}, A \mathbf{x} - \lambda \mathbf{x} = (A - \lambda I) \mathbf{x} = \mathbf{0},
$$ $$
which implies that $(A - \lambda I)$ is singular and $\det(A - \lambda I) = 0$ by [definition](../determinants/#properties-of-determinants). which implies that $(A - \lambda I)$ is singular and $\det(A - \lambda I) = 0$ by [definition](determinants.md#properties-of-determinants).
The eigenvalues $\lambda$ may thus be determined from the **characteristic polynomial** of degree $n$ that is obtained from $\det (A - \lambda I) = 0$. In particular, the eigenvalues are the roots of this polynomial. The eigenvalues $\lambda$ may thus be determined from the **characteristic polynomial** of degree $n$ that is obtained from $\det (A - \lambda I) = 0$. In particular, the eigenvalues are the roots of this polynomial.
@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ The complex conjugate of an eigenvector of $A$ is also an eigenvector of $A$ wit
??? note "*Proof*:" ??? note "*Proof*:"
Let $A$ be a $n \times n$ matrix and let $\lambda_1, \dots, \lambda_n \in \mathbb{K}$ be the eigenvalues of $A$. It follows from the [fundamental theorem of algebra](../../number-theory/complex-numbers/#roots-of-polynomials) that Let $A$ be a $n \times n$ matrix and let $\lambda_1, \dots, \lambda_n \in \mathbb{K}$ be the eigenvalues of $A$. It follows from the [fundamental theorem of algebra](../number-theory/complex-numbers.md#roots-of-polynomials) that
$$ $$
\det (A - \lambda I) = (\lambda_1 - \lambda)(\lambda_2 - \lambda) \cdots (\lambda_n - \lambda), \det (A - \lambda I) = (\lambda_1 - \lambda)(\lambda_2 - \lambda) \cdots (\lambda_n - \lambda),
@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ for $k \in \mathbb{K}$.
### Hermitian case ### Hermitian case
The following section is for the special case that a matrix is [Hermitian](../matrices/matrix-arithmatic/#hermitian-matrix). The following section is for the special case that a matrix is [Hermitian](matrices/matrix-arithmetic.md#hermitian-matrix).
> *Theorem 7*: the eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix are real. > *Theorem 7*: the eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix are real.

View file

@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ for all $\mathbf{v} \in S$, and hence $\mathbf{u}_1 + \mathbf{u}_2 \in S^\perp$.
### Fundamental subspaces ### Fundamental subspaces
Let $V$ be an Euclidean inner product space $V = \mathbb{R}^n$ with its inner product defined by the [scalar product](../inner-product-spaces/#euclidean-inner-product-spaces). With this definition of the inner product on $V$ the following theorem may be posed. Let $V$ be an Euclidean inner product space $V = \mathbb{R}^n$ with its inner product defined by the [scalar product](inner-product-spaces.md#euclidean-inner-product-spaces). With this definition of the inner product on $V$ the following theorem may be posed.
> *Theorem 1*: let $A$ be an $m \times n$ matrix, then > *Theorem 1*: let $A$ be an $m \times n$ matrix, then
> >
@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Known as the fundamental theorem of linear algebra. Which can be used to prove t
S^\perp = R(X^T)^\perp = N(X), S^\perp = R(X^T)^\perp = N(X),
$$ $$
from the [rank nullity theorem](../vector-spaces/#rank-and-nullity) it follows that from the [rank nullity theorem](vector-spaces.md#rank-and-nullity) it follows that
$$ $$
\dim S^\perp = \dim N(X) = n - r. \dim S^\perp = \dim N(X) = n - r.

View file

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# Tensor formalism # Tensor formalism
We have a $n \in \mathbb{N}$ finite dimensional vector space $V$ such that $\dim V = n$, with a basis $\{\mathbf{e}_i\}_{i=1}^n$ and a corresponding dual space $V^*$ with a basis $\{\mathbf{\hat e}^i\}.$ In the following sections we make use of the Einstein summation convention introduced in [vector analysis](/en/physics/mathematical-physics/vector-analysis/curvilinear-coordinates/) and $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{R} \lor\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{C}.$ We have a $n \in \mathbb{N}$ finite dimensional vector space $V$ such that $\dim V = n$, with a basis $\{\mathbf{e}_i\}_{i=1}^n$ and a corresponding dual space $V^*$ with a basis $\{\mathbf{\hat e}^i\}.$ In the following sections we make use of the Einstein summation convention and $\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{R} \lor\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{C}$.
## Definition ## Definition

View file

@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ To put it differently; a Hamiltonian of a conservative autonomous system is cons
Will be added later. Will be added later.
It may be observed that the Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}$ and [generalised energy](/en/physics/mechanics/lagrangian-mechanics/lagrange-generalizations/#the-generalized-energy) $h$ are identical. Note however that $\mathcal{H}$ must be expressed in $(\mathbf{q},\mathbf{p},t)$ which is not the case for $h$. It may be observed that the Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}$ and [generalised energy](../lagrangian-mechanics/lagrange-generalizations.md#the-generalized-energy) $h$ are identical. Note however that $\mathcal{H}$ must be expressed in $(\mathbf{q},\mathbf{p},t)$ which is not the case for $h$.
> *Proposition 2*: a coordinate $q_j$ is cyclic if > *Proposition 2*: a coordinate $q_j$ is cyclic if
> >

View file

@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
# Hamiltonian formalism of mechanics # Hamiltonian formalism of mechanics
The Hamiltonian formalism of mechanics is based on the definitions posed by [Lagrangian mechanics](/en/physics/mechanics/lagrangian-mechanics/lagrangian-formalism) and the axioms, postulates and principles posed in the [Newtonian formalism](/en/physics/mechanics/newtonian-mechanics/newtonian-formalism/). The Hamiltonian formalism of mechanics is based on the definitions posed by [Lagrangian mechanics](../lagrangian-mechanics/lagrangian-formalism.md) and the axioms, postulates and principles posed in the [Newtonian formalism](../newtonian-mechanics/newtonian-formalism.md).
Where the Lagrangian formalism used the [principle of virtual work](/en/physics/mechanics/lagrangian-mechanics/lagrange-equations/#principle-of-virtual-work) to derive the Lagrangian equations of motion, the Hamiltonian formalism will derive the Lagrangian equations with the stationary action principle. A derivative of Fermat's principle of least time. Where the Lagrangian formalism used the [principle of virtual work](../lagrangian-mechanics/lagrange-equations.md#principle-of-virtual-work) to derive the Lagrangian equations of motion, the Hamiltonian formalism will derive the Lagrangian equations with the stationary action principle. A derivative of Fermat's principle of least time.
In Hamilton's formulation the stationary action principle is referred to as Hamilton's principle. In Hamilton's formulation the stationary action principle is referred to as Hamilton's principle.

View file

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# Lagrangian formalism of mechanics # Lagrangian formalism of mechanics
The Lagrangian formalism of mechanics is based on the axioms, postulates and principles posed in the [Newtonian formalism](/en/physics/mechanics/newtonian-mechanics/newtonian-formalism/). The Lagrangian formalism of mechanics is based on the axioms, postulates and principles posed in the [Newtonian formalism](../newtonian-mechanics/newtonian-formalism.md).
## Configuration of a system ## Configuration of a system

View file

@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
## Potential energy ## Potential energy
> *Definition 1*: a force field $\mathbf{F}$ is conservative if it is [irrotational](../../mathematical-physics/vector-analysis/vector-operators/#potentials) > *Definition 1*: a force field $\mathbf{F}$ is conservative if it is [irrotational](../../mathematical-physics/vector-analysis/vector-operators.md#potentials)
> >
> $$ > $$
> \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = 0, > \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = 0,